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如何在四個(gè)月內(nèi)將考研英語成績切實(shí)提高20分。是我們每個(gè)人想要通過考研，必須面對都問題。每年都要考生因?yàn)橛⒄Z拖后退而名落孫山的。還有成績很不穩(wěn)定，今年考個(gè)60，明年考個(gè)40的。說明將英語水平保證在60以上，確實(shí)是個(gè)問題。
下面將從復(fù)習(xí)選擇資料談到閱讀方法，以2005-2009年真題為例。
一、必備的書（適用于一戰(zhàn)的選手）：
1、《考研英語大綱》，法碩指南配套的大綱可以不買，但英語大綱必須買。因?yàn)樯厦嬗行枰莆斩紗卧~列表。
2、朱泰奇的英語復(fù)習(xí)指南。他每年就那一本，除了把剛考過的題付在后面外，就剩書皮要換個(gè)新的了。但這本書對考研涉及的單詞和詞組總結(jié)的特別全面，對鞏固基礎(chǔ)很有幫助。
3、石春楨的閱讀220篇。這是我見過和考研閱讀真題難度最接近的一本書了?？赡苓€略微難一點(diǎn)，用來練閱讀在好不過。有些人反映他都閱讀朝綱都詞匯太多，但2009年都真題不是朝綱都詞匯更多嗎？
4、張劍和曾鳴編著都?xì)v年考研英語（試卷版）真題解析及復(fù)習(xí)思路。我見過的最好的真題匯編，后面有詳細(xì)的解釋，而且有每道題的難度和區(qū)分度，可以讓你弄清楚是否是必錯(cuò)的題。大家都錯(cuò)的話，不需要去過多研究，只能說明題出的不好。特別是那種難度和區(qū)分度都在0.01以下的。這種題說明出題老師都無能。此外，一定要選擇試卷版，因?yàn)樽钕缶碜?，有模擬的感覺。
5、若干的模擬題。做模擬題其實(shí)是很無奈的一件事。模擬做的再多還是模擬，永遠(yuǎn)不可能跟真題的難度一樣，何況現(xiàn)在市面上出的模擬題質(zhì)量一點(diǎn)都不好。但我勸你還是買至少一本吧，把上面的題認(rèn)認(rèn)真真的做了。雖然它很爛，但是還是可以讓你知道哪里是你的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。只要它起到這樣的作用也就行了。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)買模擬題的應(yīng)該注意的幾點(diǎn)：首先看看后面有沒有詳細(xì)的答案，閱讀題的答案應(yīng)該告訴你文中對應(yīng)的地方是那里，語法應(yīng)該講解語法現(xiàn)象，作文最好還有范文。其次看看閱讀每段的長度夠不夠，這點(diǎn)很重要。有些粗制濫造的題長度明顯太短，做完后讓你自信心膨脹，有虛假的勝利感，并會給你帶來最后的痛苦。
書就推薦這么多，還有兩本不錯(cuò)的書可以考慮：一本是跟大綱配套的大綱詳解，它里面可以看出出題的方向，對理解題意有好處。不過政治的效果更好一些。另一本是宮東風(fēng)出的《考研英語詞匯復(fù)習(xí)指南》。此外，最重要的是買本詞組的背誦書，切記。雖然不直接考察詞組，但多看詞組有一個(gè)好處，可以培養(yǎng)你意群的意識，看閱讀的時(shí)候可以一目十行，有效提高閱讀的速度。
二、復(fù)習(xí)當(dāng)中應(yīng)該注重的總原則和要搞清的幾個(gè)問題。
總原則一：英語能力的培養(yǎng)是慢功夫，不可能一促而就。所以每天都要看英語，每天都要作題。強(qiáng)調(diào)這點(diǎn)是必要的，因?yàn)楹芏嗳俗霾坏竭@點(diǎn)。經(jīng)常是三天打魚兩天曬網(wǎng)。
總原則二：記住考研英語很BT，從1999-2009年，出題難度有非常大的變化。它是那些研究英語的人出的題，不是那些運(yùn)用英語的人出的題。所以它雖然以英語為基礎(chǔ)，但是它考不出你真正的英語水平。所以我們的任務(wù)是如何對付這個(gè)BT的考不出來我們真實(shí)英語水平的題，而不是真正提高我們的英語水平。筆者一直做了從1999年到2009年的十年真題，1999-2004年難度比較穩(wěn)定，沒太大的變化。2005有個(gè)非常大都難度提高，2006-2008持下降都趨勢。2009年又有大的難度提高。
總原則三：英語就是考閱讀。雖然現(xiàn)在增加了新題型、小作文之類的，但是如果一般人閱讀拿不到25-30分，英語及格就很困難。并且閱讀跟答好其他題型，有著密不可分的關(guān)系，所以一定要充分認(rèn)識到閱讀的對取得高分的重要性。
問題1、英語能力和作題的關(guān)系。英語能力是作題的基礎(chǔ)，基礎(chǔ)扎實(shí)才能取得高分。基礎(chǔ)不好的朋友要敢于面對這個(gè)現(xiàn)實(shí)，想要短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高英語能力，想要把每個(gè)單詞都記住是不現(xiàn)實(shí)的。我們不要強(qiáng)求自己閱讀，翻譯，作文水平在4個(gè)月里能有長足的提高，我們所能做的僅僅是在在剩下的4個(gè)月里所能做的把上面的幾本書翻爛，把英語提高20分。我在這里做個(gè)保證，上面所列的那幾本書對想要考70分左右的朋友足夠用了，不用再買雜七雜八的其他書了。
問題2、提高分?jǐn)?shù)的唯一辦法是對這個(gè)考試做到非常熟悉，想要對考試做到非常熟悉的唯一辦法是作題。
問題3、作題要注意幾點(diǎn)：①每天做閱讀都要卡表看時(shí)間，要努力提高速度。剛開始做的時(shí)候可能很慢，所以告你個(gè)方法，以比自己平常閱讀速度稍快的速度閱讀。剛開始的時(shí)候可能會讀不大懂，作題老出錯(cuò)，堅(jiān)持一段方法就好了。閱讀考試正常需要的時(shí)間是一個(gè)小時(shí)，但我最后考試的時(shí)候看了一下表，作完才用了半個(gè)小時(shí)。②每作完一套題之后都要看答案，看看自己錯(cuò)在哪里，為什么做錯(cuò)了。是語法不扎實(shí)，還是單詞沒記住，還是推理有問題。還是掉進(jìn)出題人都陷阱里了。
問題4、每天除了作題外，需要做的2件事：①背單詞。為閱讀打基礎(chǔ)，每天都要背，以前背的要經(jīng)常復(fù)習(xí)。②做閱讀，至少4篇。
問題5、請認(rèn)識到，考研英語跟一個(gè)人都英語能力有關(guān)，但也關(guān)系不大。它都作用就刷下一批人去。因此出題人選材之無聊、晦澀、抽象，出題之惡毒就是這個(gè)考試的特點(diǎn)。
三、復(fù)習(xí)的步驟
就按推薦的書來說。
1、第一個(gè)月先把大綱背過一遍。那本大綱翻的黑黑的讓你會很有滿足感。以后的每個(gè)月都要復(fù)習(xí)單詞。要特別強(qiáng)調(diào)注意每個(gè)單詞釋意的第二第三個(gè)意思。考研很BT，經(jīng)?？寄切┎怀Ｓ玫囊馑?。背單詞的方法：我是每天看一個(gè)字母下的單詞A，第二天再背下一個(gè)字母B。背完今天的，再重新復(fù)習(xí)前一天看過的。把昨天背過忘記的劃出來。第三天背下下一個(gè)字母的，同時(shí)看第二天背的，劃出忘記的。第四天復(fù)習(xí)第一天劃出的忘的。依次類推。速度很快的，你可以試試。
2、第二個(gè)月看朱泰奇的英語復(fù)習(xí)指南。那本書里面基礎(chǔ)總結(jié)的很好，按單詞詞組都做了歸納，要好好看。大致需要一個(gè)月的時(shí)間?；A(chǔ)好的人可以略過。
3、第三個(gè)月做1999-2009年的真題。每套題都要搞懂。真題不多，最好留一套做最后的模擬。特別注意體會出題人心理的變化。
4、第四個(gè)月的前20天做石春幀的220篇或模擬題，后10天回歸真題。期間要背誦作文模板，切忌一定練習(xí)寫一下，至少每天一篇。
----真題是根本，出題人心態(tài)是根本。其他都是次要的。還有你自己都心態(tài)也是重要的，要戒驕戒躁，保持平和。
說明幾點(diǎn)：復(fù)習(xí)步驟不能死搬教條，如果你基礎(chǔ)夠好的話，或者你已經(jīng)背過單詞了，完全可以直接從第二步開始。這樣的話，多一個(gè)月的時(shí)間可以把真題和石春楨的閱讀好好看看。這兩本書看兩遍都不為過，特別是對一戰(zhàn)的來說。
四、注意事項(xiàng)
1、復(fù)習(xí)后期不要以單詞為主，一定要以閱讀為主。
2、以摸清出題人心里為主，一兩個(gè)單詞不認(rèn)識，都是次要都。
3、以提高閱讀速度為主，找到較高都閱讀速度和正確率之間的平衡點(diǎn)。一般是閱讀速度提高，正確率下降。
4、提高閱讀速度最重要的是加強(qiáng)對長難句的理解，要注意這不是短時(shí)間內(nèi)可以提高的。對長難句的認(rèn)識和掌握，要貫穿復(fù)習(xí)始終。
5、出題人都心里最重要，每個(gè)閱讀重點(diǎn)不在文章的理解，而在每個(gè)選項(xiàng)都比較上。很多人都誤區(qū)，是花很多時(shí)間在文章閱讀上，卻在很短時(shí)間內(nèi)，隨便選一個(gè)了事。
五、如何閱讀（2005-2009風(fēng)格比較統(tǒng)一，與2004年以前有大不同，出題思路都不一樣）
1、2005年真題閱讀
總評價(jià)：2005比2004以前的真題，風(fēng)格和難度都有很大變化，因?yàn)榈谝淮我胄骂}型。
Text 1
Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human”, with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it all too monkey, as well.
The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, co-operative creatures, and they share their food tardily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services” than males. Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan's and Dr. de waal's; study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its r**came markedly different.
In the world of capuchins grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers) So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to ;accept the slice of cucumber Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to reduce resentment in a female capuchin.
The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions, in the wild, they are a co-operative, groupliving species, Such co-operation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone, Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems form the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.
21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by
A. posing a contrast.
B. justifying an assumption.
C. making a comparison.
D. explaining a phenomenon.
22. The statement “it is all too monkey” (Last line, paragraph l) implies that
A. monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals.
B. resenting unfairness is also monkeys' nature.
C. monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other.
D. no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions.
23.Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are
A. more inclined to weigh what they get.
B. attentive to researchers' instructions.
C. nice in both appearance and temperament.
D. more generous than their male companions
24.Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys
A. prefer grapes to cucumbers.
B. can be taught to exchange things.
C. will not be co-operative if feeling cheated.
D. are unhappy when separated from others.
25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.
B. Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.
C. Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.
D. Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.
閱讀方法：先看21-25每道題都題干，注意是題干，不看選擇項(xiàng)。這樣看都好處是，大致了解文章要談到什么，可以很快的進(jìn)入狀態(tài)。不看選擇項(xiàng)的原因，在于只有一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，其他3個(gè)是錯(cuò)誤。這三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)還有可能是文章中談到的。過早看了，可能會形成先入為主，自證自己正確都思維定勢。就是說不要受不必要的干擾。
接著，看文章。略讀和跳讀（scan and skip），注意不是精讀。很多人喜歡精讀。這也是大學(xué)四年考4、6級培養(yǎng)成的習(xí)慣。對于考研來說是錯(cuò)誤的。我可以確切都說，喜歡精讀的人，再怎么提高英語也就是50-60左右的成績。對于考研英語閱讀量大，時(shí)間緊，難度大。精讀方法不適合。至于如何scan and skip，有時(shí)間我再講。這個(gè)有專門都訓(xùn)練方法。
然后回頭做題。注意，一般到這一步時(shí)，一般是僅僅過了5-7分鐘左右時(shí)間。剩下時(shí)間都要花在回查原文和比較選擇項(xiàng)上?？?1題，難度是0.246。說明難度挺高（難度分越低，說明越難，做對都人更少）我選了D.因?yàn)樵拇_實(shí)提出了一個(gè)人類身上發(fā)生都現(xiàn)象。但正確答案是C。因?yàn)檫@是文章都主題所在。此外，最后一句BUT，說明是個(gè)比較。這就是落入出題人都陷阱里了。
2、2006年真題閱讀
總評價(jià)：2006比2005難度降低，估計(jì)2005年的人考的不好。但完型和翻譯挺難，有點(diǎn)象2009.新題型難度不大。
Text 3
Text 3
When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strong happened to the large animals; they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived, the large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction. Now something similar could be happening in the oceans。
That the seas are being over-fished has been known for years what researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown is just how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods de not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) inanes fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.
Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative, one reason for this is that fishing technology has improved Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago that means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since to baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around noise.
Dr. Myers and Dr. worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the date support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped form a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to de business.
31、The extinction of large prehistoric animals is noted to suggest that
A、 large animal were vulnerable to the changing environment
B、 small species survived as large animals disappeared
C、 large sea animals may face the same threat today.
D、 Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones
32、who can infer form Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that
A、 the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%
B、 there are only half as many fisheries are there were 15 years ago
C、 the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount
D、 the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisherish than in the old
33、By saying these figures are conservative (line in ,paragragf-3), Dr worm means that
A、 fishing technology has improved rapidly
B、 then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded
C、 the marine bio mass has suffered a greater loss
D、 the date collected so far are pit pf date.
34 、Dr Myers and other researchers hold that
A、people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time
B、fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass
C、the ocean biomass should restored its original level.
D、people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation.
35、The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’
A、 management efficiency
B、 biomass level
C、 catch-size limits
D、 technological application.
做題方法同樣，一般一個(gè)文章在15分鐘之內(nèi)做完。
32和35題是難題。其中32題難度是0.107.可怕都題，幾乎沒有人做對。主要都原因是對于“In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.
”沒有讀懂?？梢钥闯?，幾乎每篇文章都有至少一兩道難題。做錯(cuò)一個(gè)或兩個(gè)都在正常范圍內(nèi)。
3、2007年真題
總評價(jià)：完型和作文難度大。老妖做了下完型，才得了5分。作文容易跑題，沒有文字提示。跟2009年作文題的問題一樣，太抽象。很多人有不同理解。
Text 2
For the past several years， the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant， who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old； that gave her an IQ of 228-the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies， to envision paper after it has been folded and cut， and to deduce numerical sequences， among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe （whose IQ is 100） as， What's the difference between love and fondness？ Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence？ It's not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
Clearly， intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it means to be smart？ How much of intelligence can be specified， and how much can we learn about it from neurology， genetics， computer science and other fields？
The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score， even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms： the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales （both come in adult and children's version）。 Generally costing several hundred dollars， they are usually given only by psychologists， although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible， because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks， rather tan simply dividing the mental are by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests， such as the Scholastic Assessment Test （SAT） and the Graduate Record Exam （GRE）， capture the main aspects of IQ tests.
Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life， argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing？”。 Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge， components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover， IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership sills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions， but under high-stress conditions. IQ was negatively correlated with leadership-that is it predicted the opposite. Anyone who bas toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters， whether it‘s knowing when to guess or what questions of skip.
[451 words]
26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test？
[A] Answering philosophical questions.
[B] Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.
[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.
[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.
27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3？
[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.
[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.
[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different.
[D] Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence.
28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant's because
[A] the scores are obtained through different computational procedures.
[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.
[C] vos Savant's case is an extreme one that will not repeat.
[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.
29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that
[A] test scores may not be reliable indicators of one's ability
[B] IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.
[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.
[D] traditional tests are out of date.
30. What is the author's attitude towards IQ tests？
[A] Supportive.
[B] Skeptical.
[C] Impartial.
[D] Biased.
首先介紹出題人的心里如何判斷都問題。介紹解決方法如下（出自我弟這篇文章：英語70分之天龍八部篇的第二頁：
照抄原文不是解(考研英語決不是中學(xué)考試,看到原文直接pass掉)
含義簡單不是解(命題老師的出題點(diǎn)是文章中耐人尋味,有所啟發(fā)的點(diǎn),所以低級趣味的直接pass掉)
通常意義不是解(此陷阱為看不懂文章,而只比較四個(gè)答案的人而設(shè),看上去最象的那個(gè)選項(xiàng)往往就是你最美麗的敵人)
具體的不是解(考研英語的文章都是來自于各大學(xué)術(shù)刊物,答案絕對不會是1+1=2,而是告訴你在什么前提下,1+1可以等于別的數(shù),可以等于3,可以等于4 可以等于1000,而且答案往往是通過抽象推理得到的,需要借助你自己的概括抽象能力,總結(jié)出最象原文的那個(gè)答案,所以具體的,別猶豫,pass掉)
招式如下:
照抄原文不是解 VS 同義轉(zhuǎn)換才是解
含義簡單不是解 VS 含義深刻才是解
通常意義不是解 VS 作者觀點(diǎn)才是解
具體的不是解 VS 抽象的才是解
謂之曰: 天龍八部....
其實(shí),出題與答卷的過程就是一場心理的游戲,要想做對題,首先要知人心!
除了以上方法外，我補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)，就是文章未提到的千萬別選.
具體到我引都TEXT 3。其中28題要注意干擾項(xiàng)C是題干的簡單重復(fù)，29題D out of date文章未提到。27題很多人做錯(cuò)。其實(shí)C就是所謂都抽象的才是解。
4、2008年真題
總評價(jià)，難度最低的一年。作文還加了中文釋義，就是防止跑題。但是還有很多跑題。
Text 2
It used to be so straightforward. A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal. A journal editor would then remove the authors’ names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review. Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it. Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.
No longer. The Internet–and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it- is making access to scientific results a reality. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this. The report, by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made handsome profits. But it goes further than that. It signals a change in what has, until now, been a key element of scientific endeavor.
The value of knowledge and the return on the public investment in research depends, in part, upon wide distribution and ready access. It is big business. In America, the core scientific publishing market is estimated at between $7 billion and $11 billion. The International Association of Scientific, Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2,000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects. They publish more than 1.2 million articles each year in some 16,000 journals.
This is now changing. According to the OECD report, some 75% of scholarly journals are now online. Entirely new business models are emerging; three main institutional subscribers pay for access to a collection of online journal titles through site-licensing agreements. There is open-access publishing, typically supported by asking the author (or his employer) to pay for the paper to be published. Finally, there are open-access archives, where organizations such as universities or international laboratories support institutional repositories. Other models exist that are hybrids of these three, such as delayed open-access, where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months, before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it. All this could change the traditional form of the peer-review process, at least for the publication of papers.
26. In the first paragraph, the author discusses
[A] the background information of journal editing.
[B] the publication routine of laboratory reports.
[C] the relations of authors with journal publishers.
[D] the traditional process of journal publication.
27. Which of the following is true of the OECD report?
[A] It criticizes government-funded research.
[B] It introduces an effective means of publication.
[C] It upsets profit-making journal publishers.
[D] It benefits scientific research considerably.
28. According to the text, online publication is significant in that
[A] it provides an easier access to scientific results.
[B] it brings huge profits to scientific researchers.
[C] it emphasizes the crucial role of scientific knowledge.
[D] it facilitates public investment in scientific research.
29. With the open-access publishing model, the author of a paper is required to
[A] cover the cost of its publication.
[B] subscribe to the journal publishing it.
[C] allow other online journals to use it freely.
[D] complete the peer-review before submission.
30. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage?
[A] The Internet is posing a threat to publishers.
[B] A new mode of publication is emerging.
[C] Authors welcome the new channel for publication.
[D] Publication is rendered easier by online service.
老妖做這題26、27、28全錯(cuò)。主要因?yàn)槭菦]弄明白出題人心里。因?yàn)槌鲱}人跟05、06、07還不一樣。此外速度太快，大概8-10分鐘就做完了。
26題的C選項(xiàng)文中沒提到，我選了C，答案是D。27題C做法是同一轉(zhuǎn)換才是解，我選了B,B錯(cuò)在effective沒提到。28題C是根據(jù)the value of knowledge來做都干擾項(xiàng)。我選了A，被干擾后選了C。
4、2009年真題
總評價(jià)：完型、翻譯很難。非常抽象，讀兩遍讀不懂。作文容易跑題，雖然給了中文釋義，但是很多人還是跑題了。作文第一篇很難。很多人做錯(cuò)。
Text 1
沒有找到WORD，請見貼都照片。其中第一題是選B familiar 還是c mechanical有不同意見。先不說誰對誰錯(cuò)，在正式答案出來之前，說什么都沒有意義。
只說，根據(jù)照抄原文不是解VS同義轉(zhuǎn)換才是解來看，b是原文中familiar routine都簡單照搬。這個(gè)題應(yīng)該是問都routine轉(zhuǎn)換后的意思，所以C比B要象正確答案。
六、具體考試時(shí)候做題順序
可以先做做作文。大小作文40-50分鐘寫完最好，至少保證20分。然后做完型，注意第一印象最準(zhǔn)。不要隨便修改。新題型至少10分鐘，翻譯至少20分鐘。閱讀60分鐘。都是比較正常都時(shí)間分配。2009年翻譯很難，概念非常抽象，估計(jì)翻譯成中文，也沒人看的懂。這時(shí)候就要學(xué)會放棄，先把閱讀和新題型做好。翻譯然后字對字翻譯，保證基本分。筆者以前日常工作需要翻譯一些晦澀都法律文件，實(shí)在不懂時(shí)候就采取這樣都辦法。翻譯完后再根據(jù)法律原則和精神進(jìn)行修改。
總之，說了那么多，最終還是要?dú)w結(jié)到做題上，了解出題人思路上來。此外作文盡量不要背模板，現(xiàn)在判卷子老師比較反感模板。而且有模板最大都壞處是，先入為主，容易跑題。最后介紹個(gè)什么作**通用的一句話，just as a coin hase two sides，事物都有兩面性，政治講矛盾就是這個(gè)道理。不管作文出什么的題，都有兩面性。就比如2009的“遠(yuǎn)”和“近”。不明白這個(gè)道理，其實(shí)還是不適合做一個(gè)研究生的。
=========================================================================================
補(bǔ)充
英語閱讀SCAN和SKIP的訓(xùn)練方法（老妖版）
這兩種方法不是我先提出來的，其實(shí)是現(xiàn)代社會發(fā)展的必備的一項(xiàng)能力，只是咱們的填鴨式或素質(zhì)教育均不強(qiáng)調(diào)這點(diǎn)。
我這個(gè)人是被填鴨式教育毒害下來的，不過還好我還知道自己反思。因?yàn)楸拘陨媳容^叛逆，說白了，就是你讓我干這個(gè)，我偏不愛干這個(gè)。
而你們這幫人是被所謂的素質(zhì)角度毒害的，這種欺騙性更大，因?yàn)閾Q湯不換藥，本質(zhì)上不是為了提高教學(xué)質(zhì)量，而最終是歸結(jié)到錢。
所以該具備的能力，其實(shí)我們都是欠缺的。所以必須去反省。
而現(xiàn)在這個(gè)社會是資訊發(fā)達(dá)的社會，信息量巨大。不跳讀不掃讀，無形中我們就落后于他人。畢竟我們的知識更多是靠后天學(xué)習(xí)來獲得的。
那SCAN就是掃讀，SKIP就是跳讀了。
本質(zhì)上這兩種閱讀方法，每個(gè)人每天都在用。
比如你每天都要看報(bào)紙，不可能每個(gè)版面每個(gè)字都要看到。那我們首先看一下重點(diǎn)在哪里，比較感興趣的新聞在哪個(gè)版面，我們就會直接翻到那個(gè)版面，這就是SKIP. 那我們讀這個(gè)感興趣的文章的時(shí)候，我們不是每個(gè)字都讀的，我們是那眼睛快速的掃里面有用的信息的，這就是SCAN。
但為什么我們閱讀英語的時(shí)候不會SCAN和SKIP呢？
一是因?yàn)槔蠋煕]講過，特別是那些非英語專業(yè)的。二是因?yàn)槲覀儾粫蛘哒f不敢。特別是當(dāng)考研做到英語的時(shí)候，那么重要的卷子，誰敢呢？
那么我告訴你，即使老師沒講過，我自己就去自學(xué)過。而且我敢在考研的時(shí)候，英語每篇閱讀里，至少有3-4句完整的句子我是一點(diǎn)沒看過的。
那么首先要解決的是為什么考研英語就特別需要這兩個(gè)能力呢？解決了這個(gè)問題，我們才能談到訓(xùn)練方法。
因?yàn)榭佳械挠⒄Z閱讀量太大了。就象特別紀(jì)念版的法律晚報(bào)，里面還沒有任何的不用看的廣告。要在3個(gè)小時(shí)內(nèi)做完，還要檢查一遍，幾乎是不可能的。
因?yàn)閭€(gè)人感覺，幾乎80%左右的人是沒有檢查時(shí)間的。很可能這個(gè)比例還要高。所以特別需要能提高閱讀速度的方法。那么快速閱讀最管用，也最常用的兩種方法就是SCAN和SKIP了。
那么我們?nèi)绾斡?xùn)練這兩個(gè)能力呢？方法有二。
一、SCAN和SKIP是有專門的書來訓(xùn)練的，一般考研書店沒有，得去北外的書店找找看。就在北京外國語學(xué)院的書店里就有賣的。要買全英文版的。里面的方法其實(shí)很笨，比如給一個(gè)長句，里面有一個(gè)比較特別重要的詞匯，讓你看完后，找到跟它意思相近的詞匯。當(dāng)然這不是普通的找同義詞，因?yàn)橹蛔屇憧匆槐榫渥?，不允許回視。
二、此外，還有一種辦法來強(qiáng)制訓(xùn)練，這種是老妖看完上面那種書以后自己找的方法。理論基礎(chǔ)就在于咱們看中文，其實(shí)就是掃讀和跳讀的，比如看報(bào)紙，相信沒人會把報(bào)紙上每個(gè)字都看過吧，但其實(shí)了解的信息量跟精讀是差不多的。所以在理論上，這兩種方法我們都會，看英文我們也應(yīng)該能達(dá)到這種程度。強(qiáng)制訓(xùn)練的辦法就是，定在規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)看完一篇文章。這個(gè)時(shí)間是一般精讀看不完這篇文章的。逼的我們?nèi)咦x和跳讀才能完成。比如15分鐘才能一個(gè)字不拉第看完一篇閱讀。那你不管如何，一定要在10分鐘內(nèi)過一遍。注意這10分鐘內(nèi)，我們不可能全部所有字都看一遍的，有些我們必須是跳過不閱讀的，有些是必須掃一眼就過的。強(qiáng)迫自己用這兩種方法去看文章。
我就是這么練出來的，因?yàn)槭澜缟系男畔⒑芏喽际抢?，我們的時(shí)間寶貴，怎么能浪費(fèi)在垃圾身上呢。那更多的信息是用英語寫的，那其實(shí)更多的是英語垃圾信息。那我們更應(yīng)該去掃去跳了。因?yàn)槔嗔耍瑳]必要去浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。說白了，考研英語閱讀就是垃圾，因?yàn)槟憧歼^后，沒有人再會去看那些東西。不是垃圾是什么？對待垃圾難道還要去一遍遍的仔細(xì)翻嗎？2009年那篇英語翻譯，那不是垃圾是什么？估計(jì)翻譯成中文沒人看得懂吧。呵呵~~~
那種全文版的看看就行了，其他還是更多要靠老妖說的需自宮版，就是必須斷了自己后路，強(qiáng)迫自己去跳去掃。除了這兩個(gè)辦法，沒有任何辦法能保證時(shí)間到的時(shí)候能正好看到最后一句。
只有會了這兩種方法，英語才有可能上70，這也是為什么英語專業(yè)的考生容易上70的原因，因?yàn)樗麄兇髮W(xué)里開設(shè)有這種專門訓(xùn)練快速閱讀的課程。 |
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發(fā)表于 2009-1-15 13:03
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