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在2019考研英語大綱發布之后，同學們要充分利用2019考研英語大綱進行考研英語復習。考研英語大綱明確要求考生具備正確理解長難句的基礎上，能夠區分論點和論據的能力。如何在閱讀中使用邏輯關系解題?看完本文大致就清楚了。 下面以2009年閱讀中的一道題目為例，分析段落內上下文的關系，以及如何設置題目來考察此類閱讀能力的。 ①It was inevitable that this primacy should have narrowed as other countries grew richer. ②Just as inevitably, the retreat from predominance proved painful. ③By the mid-1980s Americans had found themselves at a loss over their fading industrial competitiveness. ④Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.⑤ By 1987 there was only one American television maker left, Zenith.⑥ (Nowthere is none: Zenith was bought by South Korea's LG Electronics in July). ⑦Foreign-made cars and textiles were sweeping into the domestic market America’s machine-tool industry was on the ropes. ⑧For a while it looked as though the making of semiconductors,which America had which sat at the heart of the new computer age, was going to be the next casualty. 12. The loss of U.S. predominance in the world economy in the 1980s is manifested in the fact that the American_____。 [A]TV industry had withdrawn to its domestic market [B]semiconductor industry had been taken over by foreign enterprises [C]machine-tool industry had collapsed after suicidal actions [D]auto industry had lost part of its domestic market 本段第①句為觀點句，②③④句為觀點的展開。第①句中，提示觀點的核心詞為primacy /narrowed。②③為同樣的意思，只不過primacy/narrowed 被用另外的詞替換掉了，②句中的替換詞是retreat from predominance,③句中的替換詞是fading industrial competitiveness。這這是在保持觀點一致的前提下展開觀點，但同時又有觀點的補充，②句中在闡述了基本觀點后，補充其后果可能是painful的，③句中補充到截止到上世紀90年代中期，這種后果表現為很多人at a loss。行文思路到這里是清晰的，一個是主 導地位喪失，一由此帶來的影響(painful/at a loss)。根據下文④⑤⑥⑦⑧的內容，可以看出，作者是用論據證明主 導地位喪失的具體體現。 ④ 概括出一些行業或者shrunk 或者vanish。⑤⑥說的是電視制造業，用了一個時間上的對比By 1987與Now，說明電視制造業現在是none,即vanish，說明電視制造業消失。 ⑦說的是汽車和紡織業，這兩個行業的現狀是Foreign products sweeping into the domestic market /on the ropes，意為命懸一線，這兩個行業已經shrunk。⑧介紹的是半導體行業，這個行業是next casualty，也表明是shrunk,而還沒有vanish。從上面分析可以看出，該段的清晰的邏輯關系，或者論據與論點都分別是什么。 結合題目分析：A 選項中的withdrawn 與原文vanish 矛盾，為錯誤選項。B semiconductor 行業被取代與原文說的will be next casualty 不符;C machine-tool 行業垮掉(collapse)與原文中on the ropes 不符 D汽車行業lost part of domestic market 與原文Foreign products sweeping into the domestic market 意思一致，為正確選項。 可以看出在理清了段落中上下為的邏輯關系，做題目就會找到非常準確的依據，也能更好地運用一些做題技巧。
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發表于 2018-9-12 13:56
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